Basically all encryption works the same way by exchanging the letters with different symbols or numbers.
That is done most of the times quite simple and there are letters more often used than others
Count the e in this text and the z.
Now you need a software that takes the raw file in binary code and looks for the most often binary string like eg
10010100111100011
That would be an e most likely.
Enjoy
#gfyNSA you could have known that.